Road grading machine



June 18, 1935. K Vw. IPOITER 2,005,683

ROAD GRADING MAGINE FildvFeb. 25, 1952 NH Nl June 18, 1935; K. w. PORTER2,005,683

' ROAD GRADING MACHINE L Filed Feb. 23, 1952 :s sheets-sheet 2 Junerls,1935. K w. PORTER y 2,005,683

' I ROAD GRADING MACHINE Filedfeb. 25, 1952 's sheets-sheet. 3

Patented June 18, 1935 f Kenneth IW. Porter, Effingham, Ill., vassignerto Moritz-Bennett Corporation, Eflngham, Ill., a

corporation of Illinois Application February 23, 1932, Serial No.594,573

V16 claims.

My invention relates in general to grading machines and more inparticular to a grader adapted to travel on a finished road surface andperform an operation on the road shoulder at the side thereof. y

Those skilled in the art are referred to the prior patent of Charles J.Moritz, No. 1,672,497 disclosing the type of kmachine to which theinvention applies.

The principal object of the present invention is to improve machines ofthis character.` y

Another object is to minimize the possibility of side draft when theouter end of the mold board is under a heavy load.

Another object is the provision of an improved wing cutter or shouldersloper which may be adjusted under load.

Another object is the provision of an improved attachment on the moldboard for cutting `the shoulder to facilitate construction of theso-'called metal edge shoulder.

Another object is to provide improved means for confining the movementof earth to the shoulder and prevent such earth from being deposited onthe pavement.

Another object is the provision of means for checking and adjusting thevpitch of the main mold board.

Another object is the provision of an improved road edge markerutilizable by the operator to facilitate proper control of the positionof the cutting blade. n

Other objects and features of the invention will be apparent from aconsideration of the following detailed description taken with theaccomypanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a plan View of the improved graderof my construction;

` Fig. 2 is a sectional view takenon the line 2-2 of Fig. l, showing anelevational view of' ,thev

pavement edge marker;

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view looking at the right hand side of Fig.l, the mold board',y however, being shown straight to facilitate thedisclosure;

Fig. 4 is an end view, looking at the rear end of Fig. 9 is anelevational view showing a mold board pitch indicator;

y] Fig. 10 is a plan view thereof;

Fig.f11 is an elevational view of an auxiliary scraper blade; and

Fig. 12 is a plan view thereof.

I shall first refer to the general features of the grader itself, sothat the improvements therein and the manner in which they function willbe more readily understood. The grader has a carriage frame I6 with therear wheels I'I and the steerable wheels I8 controlled by a steeringwheel I9. The frame has a front side extension 2l, and a rear sideextension 22. The front side extension comprises merely an extension ofa front transverse frame member, while the rear extension 22 includesseveral structuralmembers secured together with cross bracings and thelike to form a rugged transverse mold board supporting extension (Fig.4). A draw bar 23 connects the two extensions and an offset hitcharrangement 24 provides means for drawing the grader by a tractor insuch a way that the greatest' amount of 'pull will be substantially inline with the mold board 2t. For adjusting the pitch and elevation ofthe mold board a bracket 21 is provided tiltably supported on thevextension'22. The

` inclination of the bracket is controlled by a handr wheel 28 and thebodily vertical position of the mold board is adjusted by a hand wheel29. In effecting 'this adjustment the mo-ld board is carried on avertical post 3 I' by a bottom bracket 32 l and the entire post isreciprocable vertically by the action of the hand wheel 29 in thebracket side draft.- rThe offset hitch 'together' withthe weight of thecarriage frame are adequate to hold the grader on an even line for allusual operations.

earth on the'road shoulder, particularly when n When operating oncertain types of al large volume of earth is being moved, there i stilla tendency for the carriage toy shift, this 1 device 24 and the moldboard.' I overcome this tendency by means of a couple bar comprisinga-pair of telescope members 34 and 36 having a substantially universalpivot connection tol thel frame and inside end of the mold boardrespectively. A pin 31 interconnects the two telescoping membersextending through a selected pair of series of holes on the two memberswhereby the length of the couple bar may be adjusted depending upon theangle of inclination of the mold board to the work. The joints at theend of the couple bar permit adjustment of the mold board in any ofthefusual ways, as for example, the inclination secured by rotating themold board with the post 3| as an axis, inclining its pitch or adjustingit bodily vertically by means of the hand wheel 29.

In the shoulder operations it is often customary to cut a slope on theoutside edge of the shoulder.

This slope usually forms one wallof a drainage ditch and the anglethereof depends upon the design of the'ditch.v For cutting this Vslope Iprovide a sloper or wing cutter 38 pivoted at 39 (Fig. 5): to the end ofthe mold board so asto be adjustable thereon. vAn anglebar 4I reenforcesthe wing cutter and has an extension bearing over against the hackofjthe mold board whereby someof the strain takenoff of the pivot. Foradjusting the slope ofthe wing; cutter I provide trunnions 42 and43.supported between suitable brackets carried Vby the mold board fand wingcutter respectively of the character shown in the drawings. Thetrunnions are provided withright and lefthand threads and anadjusting'screw 44 operated by a hand wheel 46 is kthreaded in thetrunnions, It is clear then that by operating the hand wheel the wingcutter may be rotated around the pivot 39 to any` suitable inclinationwithin the limits of the design and will be held at such inclination bythe adjusting screw d4.

, Injsome types of shoulder work it is customary to cutV a relativelynarrowfand shallow trench along the edge of the shoulder close to theroad and fill this trench with stones rand/or coarse gravel so that asolider surface will result on the shoulder immediately adjacent thehard roadway. This, of course. is a safety factor to mini` mize thepossibility of accident if a motorist accidentally allo-ws his outsidewheels to cut over olf of the pavement. In order to cut this trench Iprovide a cutting member 41 bolted to the inside edge of the mold boardso as to be readily req movable cr as readily applied. As the drawingsshow the member 41 is shaped to have a plow action along the edge of thepavement and also an. earth removing action whereby the earth loosenedby the plow action is removed and eventually is spread over theremaining portion of the shoulder by the main portion of the mold board.

A member 41 includes a removable cutting edge 50 boltedy to the portionthereof secured to the mold board and designedto be reversible Vso thateither edge can be brought into positionto do the cutting. 'Iheportion41a, integral with-the auxiliary member 41, extends back at an angle sothat if the mold board is brought too close to the pavement there willbe no possibility of the cuttingl blade 50 catching on thek edge of thepavement and being torn loose or otherwise injured. Since the kmoldboard is disposed at an angle, it is clear thatthere is a` relativelywide'surface of j the portion 41a which can come'in contact with thepavement edge. A por'tion41b extends at an angle forwardly to preventearth picked up by the plow action of the auxiliarycutterfrom spillingover due to its volume onto the edge of the road. Y Y

When earth is being removed by the mold board 26, there arev occasionswhen the volume of dirt is so great that an excess amount of dirt maywork around the inner end of the mold board and be deposited onto thepavement. Usually this is no more than could readily be distributed overthe shoulder, but if left on the pavement a separate operation isrequired to remove it or an unsatisfactory job is produced. Under suchcircumstancesLI employ ank auxiliary mold board or pavement scraper 5lmounted on the frame in back of the mold board proper and so disposedwith respect to the pavement as to remove earth y deposited on thepavement by the mold board and spread this earth out over the shoulder.The auxiliary mold board or pavement scraper is adjustable as toinclination and Vis readily removed from the frame m the event that itsuse is not required.

As Fig. 8 shows, the pavement scraper is relatively loosely carried soas to move at an angle over the road surface. 'I'here may be times whenthe pavement scraper is not required, however, and I vtherefore applymeans for taking it out of contactwith the road surface. The scraperitself is loosely held by the link 1|, having one end connected to thescraper blade and the other end pivoted at 12 to a bell crank lever 13.This lever is pivoted at 14 between a pair of plates 16-16 and has arelatively long arm 11 with which the blade can be raised. yThis arm isprovided with an opening 18 adapted to be broughtvinto alignment withthe corresponding opening 19 in the plates 16. When the. pavementscraper is raised by pulling downwardly on the armv 11 of the bellcrank, the holes 18 and 19 are lined up and the pin inserted through theholes prevents the arm from moving back due to the gravitational forceof the scraper and so the pavement scraper is held out of engagementwith the road surface.

I also provide means for controlling the pitch of the mold board. Ingeneral, it is customary to cut the shoulder so that it will constitute,as far as its surface is concerned, acontinuation of the hard roadsurface. It may be necessary, however, to cut the slopeat somewhat of anangle to the road surface for various reasons. Also, when cutting belowthe road surface as is done when the main road is to be widened, forexamplait isy necessary to control the pitch of the mold boardaccurately. Heretofore lit has been customary to check the pitch merelywith the eye, this being facilitated of course by the fact that thecarriage was traveling on the roadsurface and fur-A nished a veryexcellent guide.

For accomplishing my result I provide azlevel,

attachment 52 shown in Fig. 1 in its position on the moldboard, andshown Lin Figs. Sand 10 en# larged tor facilitate the disclosure. Thelevel at` In using the device theproper pitch of the mold L board is setand the arm 56 adjusted to center the bubble in the level indicator 62.vThe position of the pointer will then indicate the pitch ofthe blade,and when using the grader itfis merelyf necessary for the operator tomaintain the bubble in a center position and hevkncws that he isadjusted to the proper pitch. Attention is also directed to the factthatthe arm pointer 56a is a guide for determining the pitch to which themold board is set. This makes it possible to set the mold board using apreviously cut shoulder as a guite` so that the same pitchk of the slopeis duplicated, or to set the pitch entirely inaccordance withspecicationsl calling for a certain angularity with respect to the road.In connection with this pitch adjustment, those skilled in the art willrecall that road surfaces are also pitched at times either toward thecenter or away from the center, while at other times they are perfectlyflat. When operating on different'types of hard surface roads, it isobvious therefore that the pitch adjustment may become of considerableimportance.

As a guide to the operator Iv provide. a pavement edge marker comprisinga AU-shaped .strap 64 adjustably supported along the extension 2i havinga pointer et pivoted between the ends of a pair of supports t?, thesupports themselves having their upper ends pivoted to the member 64.The depending pointer or marker. 66 .being pivoted can ride overobstructions and the like without injury in the direction in which thegrader is moving, but isirnmovable in a transversedirection, so that italways maintains an exact line which the operator can use as a guide incontrolling the position of the grader on the pavement.

Those skilled in the art will understand how the different features ofthe invention cooperate to produce a unitary result. The couple bar isof particular use where a relatively greater strain is placed on theinside end of the mold board such as occurs when the auxiliary cuttingblade is attached to the mold board. In this case also there is atendency for more earth to be deposited on the road surface and thescraper is therefore of advantage in the combination. The use of thepavement edge marker is of particular advantage when the metal edge?shoulder auxiliary -cutter is employed as the shallow trench produced bythis auxiliary cutter should be at the very edge of the hard road.

Although I have described the features of my invention in detail toenable those skilled in the art to practice the same, it is obvious thatI do not limit myself to the specific form shown, and the invention islimited only by the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to protect by United States LettersPatent is:-

l. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface,a side projection therefrom, a mold board adjustably supported on saidside projection, and an adjustable couple bar secured by universaljoints between the carriage and a point on the mold board near the endthereof -closest to the hard road surface.

2. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface,a side projection on the carriage, a mold board adjustably supported onthe side projection, an auxiliary cutting blade narrower than the moldboard secured near the inner end thereof and projecting below the moldboard to cut a shallow trench below the road shoulder and adjacent thehard road, and means carried by the auxiliary cutting blade for removingearth from the edge of the hard road surface.

3. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface,a side projection on the carriage, a mold board adjustably supported onthe side projection, an auxiliary cutting blade narrower than the moldboard secured near the inner endv thereof and projecting below the moldboard to cut a shallow trench .below the road shoulder and adjacent thehard road, said auxiliary cutter blade having a portion extending at anangle rearwardly thereof and adapted to bear against the hard road edge,and also having a portion extending a short distance across the surfaceof the hard road for removing earth deposited on the road by theauxiliary cutting blade.

4. A, grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface,a side projection on the carriage, a mold board adjustably supported onthe side projection, an auxiliary kcutting blade narrower than the moldboard secured near the inner end thereof and projecting below the-moldbo-ard to cut a shallow trench below the road shoulder and adjacent thehard road, and an adjustable couple bar secured by the universal jointsbetween the'carriage anda point on the mold board'near said auxiliarycutting blade. l

5. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface,a side projection therefrom, a mold board adjustably supported on saidside projection, a sloper cutter pivoted to the mold board at theoutside end thereof, a pair of trunnions carried by the moldboard andsloper, and an adjusting screw having left and righthand threadsengaging with the trunnions adapted to be turned to move the `sloper onits pivot for adjusting the angularity of the sloper with respect tothemold board.

6. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface,a side projection therefrom, a mold board carried on the sidepro-jection and adapted to operate en the road shoulder at the side ofthe hard road, a frame extension projecting out over the road shoulderin advance on a hard road surface, a side projection therefrom, a moldboard carried on the side projection and adapted to operate on the roadshoulder at the side of the hard road, a frame extension projecting outover the road shoulder in advance of the mold board, a draw barextending from the' frame extension to the moid board, and a pavementedge marker adjustable along said frame extension.

8. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface,a side projection therefrom, a moldboard carried on the side projectionand adapted to operate on the road shoulder at the side of the hardroad, a frame extension projecting out over the road shoulder in advanceof the mold board, and a pavement edge marker adjustable along saidframe extension, said marker comprising an upper part for connecting tosaid frame extension and a lower part pivoted to the upper part on apivot parallel to the frame extension whereby the lower part isimmovable laterally with respect to the upper part, butl pivotslongitudinally whereby it is permitted to ride over obstacles on theroad shoulder or road without injury.

9. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface,a side extension from said carriage, a moldboard adjustably supported onthe side extension, an auxiliary cutting blade narrower than themoldboard secured near the inner end thereof having a portion projectingbelow the moldboard and extending forwardly therefrom for cutting ashallow trench below the road shoulder and adjacent thehard road, andmeans for preventing earth from spilling onto the hard road surface. l

10. A `grader having a carriage adapted to vtravel on a hard roadsurface, a side projection on the carriage, a moldboard adjustablysupported on the side projection, an auxiliary cutting blade narrowerthan the mold board secured nearthe inner end thereof and projectingbelow the mold board to cut a shallow trench below-the road shoulder andadjacent the hard road, a buffer provided with a blunt edge adapted tobearagainst therhard road edge, and means for preventing earth fromspilling onto the hard road surface.

ll'. A grader Vhaving a carriage adapted to travelon a hard roadsurface, a side projection therefrom, a mold board adjustably supportedon said side projection, an adjustable couple bar secured between thecarriage and a point on the mold board near the end thereof closest tothe hard road surface, and an auxiliary cutting blade narrower than themold board secured near the inner end thereof substantially in line withthe point of attachment of the adjustable couple bar to the mold board.f

12. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface,a mold board, means for supporting the mold board at the side thereof tocut a shoulder at the edge of the hard road surface, an auxiliarycutting blade secured to the mold board near the end thereof closest tothe hard road surface, said auxiliary cutting blade comprising a partremovably secured directly to the mold board, and a part extending fromsaid first mentioned part at an angle below the edge of the mold boardfor cutting a shallow trench below the road shoulder and adjacent thehard road surface.

13. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface,a mold board, means for supporting the mold boardI at the side thereofto cut a shoulder at the edge of the hard road surface, an auxiliarycuttingbladesecured to the mold board near the end thereof, closest tothe hard road surface, said auxiliary cutting blade comprising a partremovably secured directly to the mold board and having a portionprojecting over the hard road surface for pre` venting earth fromspilling thereon, and a part extending from said rst mentioned part atan angle below the edge of the mold board for cutting a shallow trenchbelow the road shoulder and adjacent the hard road surface.

14.V A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard roadsurface, a mold board, means for supporting the mold board at the sidethereof to cut a shoulder at the edge of they hard road surface, an'auxiliary cutting blade secured to the mold board near theend thereofclosest to the hard road surface, said auxiliary cutting bladecomprising a part removably secured directly to the mold board, and apart extending from said rst mentioned part at an angle below the edgeof the mold board for cutting a shallow trench below the road shoulderand adjacent the hard road surface, said second mentioned part having aportion Aextending. rearwardly at an angle to provide a blunt edgebearing against the edge of the hard road.

15. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface,a mold board, means for supporting the mold board at the side thereof tocut a shoulder at the edge of thel hard.

road surface, an auxiliary cutting blade secured to the mold board nearthe end thereof closest to the hard road surface, said auxiliary cuttingblade comprising a part removably secured di-y rectly to the mold boardand having a portion projecting over the hard road surface forpreventing spilling of earth thereon, and a partextending from saidfirst rmentioned part at an angle below the edge of the mold board rforcutting a shallow trench below the road shoulder and adjacent the hardroad surface, said second mentionedpart having a portion extendingrearwardly at an angle to provide a blunt edge bear-I a carriage adaptedto travel on a hard road surface, an extension extending outwardly fromthe carriage over the shoulder of the road, a moldboard adjustablysupported bythe extension, a sloper cutter pivoted to the moldboard atthe outside end thereof, and means for adjusting the slope with respectto the mold board, said means including a pair of brackets extendingupwardly fromthe moldboard and. slopcr respectively and rigidly securedadjacent adjoining ends of the same, a trunnion movably carried at thetop of each bracket and an adjusting screw having left and right handthreads engaging with the trunnions to move the brackets and adjust theangularity of the sloper.

KENNETH W. PORTER.`

